几种福利干预措施对实验小鼠部分应激相关指标的影响

Impact of Several Welfare Intervention Measures on Stress-related Index in Mice

目的 探讨目前常用的福利干预措施对实验动物应激相关指标的影响.方法 60只离乳雄性KM小鼠随机分为常规饲养（A）组、营养干预（B）组、葵花籽（C）组、玩具（D）组、熏香（E）组,每组12只.每日测定摄食、饮水量,测定体质量;37 d后从小鼠尾侧静脉采血测血常规;取小鼠脑组织以荧光实时PCR法测糖皮质激素受体（GR）、阿黑皮素原（POMC）、神经元型一氧化氮合酶（nNOS）、脑源性神经营养因子（BDNF）、N-甲基-D-天冬氨酸受体（NMDA）、酪氨酸羟化酶（TH）、色氨酸羟化酶（TPH）的mRNA指标并比较各干预组和常规饲养组的差异.结果 所有实验组体质量与A组比较均有所减少,摄食量B组与A组相比有所减少.D组、E组与A组相比则有所增加.饮水量B组与A组相比有所减少.D组E组与A组相比有所增加.BDNF mRNA水平F组、E组与A组相比明显增加;C组与A组相比有所减少.GR mRNA水平B组、D组与A组相比明显减少;C组、E组与A组相比有所减少.POMC mRNA水平D组与A组相比有所减少;其余各组与A组比较均明显减少.NMDA mRNA水平D组与A组明显增加.TH mRNA水平B组C组与A组比较有所减少.TPH mRNA水平C组与A组相比有所减少.血液学指标数据各组均无明显差异.结论 放置玩具能使摄食、饮水量上升,增强抗拒恐惧焦虑的能力,强化学习记忆能力,减少应激所产生的压力.熏香能使摄食、饮水量上升,增强抗拒恐惧焦虑能力,减少应激所产生的压力.

Objective To study the impact of frequently-used material intervention measures towards stress-related index of laboratory animals.Methods Sixty weaning male KM mice were randomly assigned to five groups：A was routine feeding group,B nutritional intervention group,C sunflower seed group,D toy group,and E incense group,with 12 mice in each group.Food and water intake were measured every day.Body weight was measured every two days.Blood sample was collected 37 days later from the caudal vein in mouse tail and blood routine examination has been performed.mRNA index of GR,POMC,nNOS,BDNF,NMDA,TH and TPH in brain tissues of the mice were measured by fluorescent real-time PCR method and differences between material intervention groups and routine feeding group were compared.Results Compared with group A,the body weights of mice in other groups reduced.For food intake,group B reduced compared with group A,while group D and E increased.For water intake,group B reduced compared wtih group A,while group D and E increased.For the level of BDNF mRNA expression,comparing with group A,group F and E increased obviously,while group C reduced to some extent.For the level of GR mRNA expression,comparing with group A,group D reduced obviously,while group C and E reduced to some extent.For the level of POMC mRNA expression,comparing with group A,group D reduced to some extent,while other groups reduced significantly.For the level of NMDA mRNA expression,comparing with group A,group D increased obviously.For the level of TH mRNA expression,comparing with group A,group B and C reduced to some extent.For the level of TPH mRNA expression,comparing with group A,group C reduced to some extent.Hematological parameters had no obvious difference among all groups.Conclusions Placing toys makes food and water intake rise sharply,ability to resist fear and anxiety enhanced obviously,learning and memory ability reinforced greatly and stress-related index reduced evidently.Incense makes food and water intake go up,ability to resist fear and anxiety enhanced obviously and stress-related index reduced evidently.