中国改革设计的宪法学考量--以决策程序、底线和可操作为核心

A Study of the Designs of Reformation in China From the Perspective of Constitutional Jurisprudence

对中国改革的设计当然可从不同的学科角度展开,但鉴于中国改革设计具有浓重的宪法属性,对中国改革设计或决断做出宪法学的考量就是不可或缺与不可替代的学术视角。以改革决断为切入点,可以认为合理议事规则的筹划与设置乃为改革决断的前提,权力限制和权利保障是改革决断的底线,对理论主张和动议的严格区分是保证决断具有可操作性的关键,而宪法惯例则是保证决断具有可操作性的重要依托。在决断启动和展开过程中,只有宪法惯例和成文宪法规则形成良性互动机制并逐步稳固,中国宪法规范化实施的时代才会到来。

The design of China＇s reformation can be discussed from the perspective of different disciplines, but considering its intensive constitutional characteristic, constitutional Jurisprudence of the design of China＇s reformation is an indispensable and irreplaceable academic perspective. With the decision of reformation as the starting point, a reasonable planning and setting rules of debate as a prerequisite for reformation; the restriction of power and protection of right is the bottom line of the reformation decision; the strict distinction of theoretical claims and motions is the key to guaranteeing that decisions should be operable, and the constitutional convention is an important foundation to ensure decisions＇ operability. In the process of starting and expanding decisions, only when the constitutional convention and the written constitutional rules promote a stable positive interaction mechanism, could the era of normalized implementation of the Constitution eventually arrive.