澳门中文与“的”相关的若干语法变异

Grammatical variations of“De”in Macao Chinese

"的"是现代汉语中使用频率最高的词语,有3种基本用法:(1)结构助词,用为修饰语标记;(2)结构助词,用为名物化标记;(3)语气助词,用为立场标记。本文基于一定规模的语料,对比分析了助词"的"在澳门中文与通用中文里的使用差异。研究表明,澳门中文里"的"的使用频率远低于通用中文,二者的比例约为1∶1.7。文章以"的"的3种基本用法为纲,考察了它在澳门中文与通用中文的运用差异,描写了澳门中文里与"的"相关的若干语法变异。

“De（的）”is the most frequently used word in Modern Chinese and has three basic usages：1）a constructional auxiliary used as a marker of modifier;2 ）a constructional auxiliary used as a marker of nominalization;3）a modal auxiliary used as a marker of stance.Based on a fairly large cor-pus,this paper analyzes the differences of “De（的）”between Macao Chinese and Mandarin Chinese. The research shows that the frequency of “De（的）”in Macao Chinese is much lower than that in Man-darin Chinese with a ratio of 1：1.7.The paper focuses on the three usages of “De（的）”,and com-pares their different functions in Macao Chinese and Mandarin Chinese,and finally discusses the grammatical variations of “De（的）”in Macao Chinese.