入门阶段汉字教学条件的分析与教学方法的思考

Reflections on the conditions and methods of Chinese-character teaching,Chinese-character learning for Chines-learning beginners

入门阶段的汉字学习与教学难度大、任务重。本文首先对该阶段的汉字教学条件进行了分析,发现其形声字比例低,字形复杂度低,部件复现率高;在字形这一难点的学习和记忆中,初学者会尝试使用重复抄写、部件分解、特征联想等多种方法;而形声字学习、回忆默写、形近字比较等方法的教学也都有其条件。基于上述教学条件,本文提出了在汉字教学方法方面,繁简字的关系、成人与儿童、不同阶段的汉字教学设计等有待继续深入探讨的问题。

Both Chinese-character teaching and Chinese-character learning for Chines-learning begin-ners are difficult tasks.This paper analyzes the conditions at this level and has the following conclu-sions：（1）the proportion of the relevant Chinese phonograms at this level is small,the forms of these characters are not complicated,whereas their component＆#39;s recurrence rate is high;（2）when facing the difficult points,the learners will use such methods as repeated copying,decomposing the components and feature-based association;（3 ）the teaching methods include the comparison of phonograms, memory-based approach,etc..With the above analysis,the paper concludes that such aspects as the relations between traditional and simplified characters,differences in adults and children as well as different stages of Chinese-character teaching are worthy of further studies.