论殖民主义维度下的种族标识与民族权力话语

Discussion on the Racial Identification and National Power Discourse in the Dimension of Colonism

当代文论中,种族和后殖民理论颇受关注,并呈现多元化的理论批评态势。种族是一种区分人类群体的标识,生物学范畴下的种族,是根据人类基因的遗传差异及其生态环境、身体形态等因素,对人类群体进行的科学分类。作为一种社会文化现象,种族更倾向于被看作是一种附加在后殖民主义语境下的对特定人群的某种偏见及观念,在这种观念下,对现代性全面反思所形成的对传统文化权力和话语霸权的质疑不断涌现。其中,诺贝尔文学奖获得者、南非当代白人作家约翰·马克斯韦尔·库切是此语境下反传统话语霸权的最强音,他以其鲜明的创作风格与特色,书写了后殖民语境下族群社会生存所遭受的诸多危机与困境,并据此希冀寻求后殖民主义社会种族和解之法器与民族国家民族共生共荣自我救赎之路径。

In contemporary hterary criticism, racial and postcolonial theories attract lots of attention and exhibit the tendency of diversified theoretical criticism. Race is a sign to distinguish the human beings. As a social cultural phenomenon, race is more hkely to be seen as a kind of prejudice or concept towards a given group of people in the context of post-colonialism.Among them, the winners of the nobel prize for literature, contemporary white writers of South Africa, John Maxwell Coetzee, represents the strongest voice to argue against the traditional discourse hegemony. He longs to explore the method contributing to the racial reconcihation in the post colonial society and also the route leading to ethnic symbiosis and self reliance.