基于“最近发展区”理论推进民族地区语言学习中的方言语用能力

To Promote Dialect Pragmatic Competence in the Minority Nationality Regions Language Learning Based on the Theory of "the Zone of Proximal Development"

由于社会历史、文化生活、风俗习惯等差异,汉语及民族语言在不同地区都出现了分化,形成了各种地区方言,如彝族方言、傣族方言、藏族方言等。方言是语言的变体,虽然同一共同语的不同方言在语法等方面基本保持一致,但是在词汇、语音等方面已有很大区别,因此不同方言在语用上也产生了差异。为了传承和发展民族文化,保持文化多样性,民族地区的语言学习者在方言学习上必须提高自身识别语境及驾驭语言的能力,即方言的语用能力。"最近发展区"理论着眼于学习者智力未来发展的潜力,提出了从学习者未来发展水平和现阶段的水平差距着手,有针对性地进行学习活动,对民族地区方言语用能力推进有很好的理论指导价值。

due to the differences in history, culture, customs and habits of life, Chinese and minority languages in different areas appear differentiation, formation of various regional dialects, such as Yi, Dai dialect, dialect Tibetan dialect. Dialect is a variant of the language, though with a common language in different dialect grammar as well as basic consistent, but the vocabulary, pronunciation, there are very different, so different dialects have differences in pragmatics. In order to inherit and develop national culture, cultural diversity, minority language learners to improve their ability to identify the context and language learning in dialect, the dialect of pragmatic competence. ＂The zone of proximal development theory of＂ focus on learners intellectual development potential, put forward to proceed from the gap between the level of learning in future development level and at the present stage, targeted for learning activities of dialect, pragmatic eompetenee in minority nationality regions have good theory guidance value.