贵州明代民族区域商业格局研究

The Research on the Commercial Space Pattern of Ethnic Minority Regions in the Ming Dynasty in Guizhou Province

明朝汇聚政治、经济、军事合力经营西南,对贵州进行改土治流,通过军屯、民屯与商屯,奠定了贵州民族地域商业经济的基本框架。由于各民族生存的地域自然特征差异和社会经济发展进程的不同,形成贵州民族商品生产空间的差异。明廷遍设卫所,增设府、州、县,由人为的行政中心,演变为商业中心,并和集镇的自然经济中心构成了贵州明代八大商业贸易圈层结构。但民族"山坝贸易圈"的坚韧和狭隘性,制约了贵州商业化的发展。沉淀历史,通过塑造专业生产商品地域结构和推动集市的时空协同,获得贵州商业空间的组合优化。

The southwest of China was managed in Ming Dynasty with political,economic,and military powers.The reforms of the local officials were carried out,which established the geographical commercial and economic pattern of Guizhou by implementing the reclamation of garrison,peasants and businessmen. Owing to the differences of the geographical and natural characteristics of ethnic minorities＇ living environment and the social economic development process,there exist Guizhou commodity production space differences. The Ming dynasty set up＂Weisuo＂（the military formation in Ming Dynasty）,＂Fu＂（a kind of administrative unit）,＂Zhou＂（the same as＂fu＂） and county. Such administrative centers evolved into commercial centers. These,together with the natural economic center of the market town,constituted the eight commercial trade layer structures of Guizhou in Ming Dynasty. But the tenaciousness and narrowness of national＂Mountainous boson Trading points＂restricted the commercial development of Guizhou. Obtaining the optimization of the business space of Guizhou by rethinking the history and modeling the regional structure of commodity production and pushing forward the coordination of time and space of markets of Guizhou is expected.