关于博士生招生制度改革之我见

On the Reform of Doctoral Students Enrollment System

"入学统考"制度虽有考试方式不科学、选拔标准不全面、保障机制不健全等弊端,但"统考"的社会价值不能否定。试行"申请审核"制具有不少优势,但也面临诸多挑战与风险,可以在部分单位先行先试,不宜全面推开。此改革涉及面广、难度大、矛盾多,是一项复杂的系统工程,首先必须从制度上重视宏观(国家)层面与微观(招生单位)层面的系统设计,前者包括确立博士生招生制度改革的主要目标、明确改革的指导思想与基本原则等;后者包括对招生模式的设计、操作程序的规定与运行机制的健全等。其次必须在操作层面遵循三条基本原则,即整体设计与局部试验结合、立足国情与合理借鉴结合、适度突破与稳步推进结合。

Although the unified entrance examination has these defects such as, the examination method is not scientific, the selection standard is not comprehensive, the protection mechanism is not perfect, but the social value of the unified entrance examination can not be denied. Although the ＂apply and inspect＂ model has advantages, it also faces many challenges and risks. So the ＂apply and inspect＂ model is only suitable for trial in some departments but not for comprehensive promotion. The reform of doctoral students enrollment system is a complex systematic project concerning many aspects, difficulties and contradictions. First of all, system designing from the macro- level （the nation） and the micro-level （administration units） must be emphasized. The former includes establishing the main target, the guiding ideology and the basic principles of doctoral students enrollment system reform; the latter includes designing the enrollment model, perfecting the operating procedures and mechanism. Secondly, there are three basic principles should be followed in practice： combining local tests with overall planning; combining the nation＇s conditions with foreign experiences;combining moderate breakthrough with steady promotion.