从敦煌变文到河西宝卷——河西宝卷的渊源与发展

From Dunhuang Bianwen to Hexi Baojuan——the Origin and Evolution of Hexi Baojuan

河西宝卷是流传于甘肃河西走廊的一种民间口头说唱文学,也是念卷的底本。河西宝卷继承了敦煌变文内容以及散韵相间、有说有唱的说唱传统,又袭取了佛教忏法、科仪的宣讲仪式和唱词结构,在传承中变异,在变异中发展。从敦煌变文到河西宝卷,表演场域从佛教寺院转移到民众家庭,讲唱主体从佛教僧侣更替为普通俗众,宣讲仪式从简单到复杂再回到简单,唱词结构从简单的一段式演变为复杂的四段式又简化为三段式、两段式、一段式。从敦煌变文发展到河西宝卷,充分体现了民间文学的传承性、变异性和创造性。

Hexi Baojuan is a kind of folk talking and singing literature spreading in Hexi Corridor. Hexi Baojuan is script of the man who sings Baojuan,and is a branch of Chinese Baojuan. Hexi Baojuan inherits the content and forms,such as talking-singing tradition.And then Hexi Baojuan folows preaching rituals and librettool forms.Hexi Baojuan changges in inheritance and develops in variation. From Dunhuang Bianwen to Hexi Baojuan, the performance arena has been from buddhim temple to household,the people who egage in talking and singing ~cured from monks in temples to the folk people,preaching rituals changes from simple to complexity, preaching rituals and librettool forms changges from one verse to two verses,three vers- esin and four verses in one stanza.From Dunhuang Bianwen to Hexi Baojuan,inhefitence,variation and creativity is appeared in folklore.