试论实践推理

On Practical Inference

实践推理是从"应然"非演绎地推出"实然"的一种推理,它的结论为行动、行动意图或行动信念。实践推理包括目标-行动、意图-意图、意图-信念、信念-信念、信念-意图等五种基本模式。行动意图必然包含着一个行动,使得基于行动意图的行动成为可能。实践推理是一个"目的-手段"的决策过程。在实践推理过程中,从目标过渡到手段暗含着几种因果关系。

Practical inference is a kind of reasoning which reasons out to be from ought to be non-deductive, and its conclusion can be action or ac- tion intention or action belief. From the reasoning process, practical inference involves five kinds of modes, which are goal-action, intention-intentian, intention-belief, belief-belief and belief-intention. Action intension must involve an action, which makes action possible based on action intention. Practical inference is a decision process on goal-means. In practical inference, causal relations are implied during the process from goal to means.