辽宁省水稻骨干亲本演变及遗传多样性分析

Evolution and Genetic Diversity of Rice Founder Parents in Liaoning Province

骨干亲本是水稻育种的重要基础,对骨干亲本的演变及多样性分析有利于骨干亲本的利用和新品种选育。对辽宁省1981-2010年审定的221个水稻品种进行系谱分析,结果表明,福锦、黎明、丰锦、辽粳5号、辽盐2号、辽粳326、沈农91、旱72、沈农265、辽粳454、辽粳294、辽粳207、丹粳4号、中辽9052、盐丰47、越光共16个品种是辽宁省水稻品种选育过程中的骨干亲本。但随着育种时间的推移,骨干亲本不段更替,亲本利用愈加向少数骨干亲本集中。在此基础上利用系谱分析、亲缘系数分析等方法分析了骨干亲本间的亲缘关系,结果表明,福锦、黎明、丰锦、辽粳5号、辽盐2号、辽粳326、沈农91、旱72、沈农265、辽粳454、辽粳294、辽粳207、中辽9052、越光等骨干亲本有直接或间接的系谱关系,骨干亲本间的亲缘系数平均为0.159。对骨干亲本23个表型性状进行主坐标分析显示,16个骨干亲本可聚到4个类群中。显示出骨干亲本间较近的亲缘关系和较小的表型差异。

The founder parent is the important foundation of rice breeding.The analysis on evolution and diversity of the founder parents is beneficial to their utilization and new variety breeding.Based on the pedigree analysis of 221 rice varieties authorized in Liaoning province from1981 to 2010,sixteen rice varieties,namely Fukunishki,Reimei,Toyonihiki,Liaojing 5,Liaoyan2,Liaojing 326,Shennong 91,Han 72,Shennong 265,Liaojing 454,Liaojing 294,Liaojing 207,Danjing 4,Zhongliao 9052,Yanfeng 47 and Kosihihikari were considered as the founder parents for rice breeding in Liaoning province.However as years passed,the founder parents were constantly changing,leading to the using frequency toward to a few founder parents.Analysis of the relationship among the founder parents was conducted by the pedigree analysis and parentage coefficient analysis.The results showed that Fukunishiki,Reimei,Toyonihiki,Liaojing 5,Liaoyan2,Liaojing 326,Shennong 91,Han 72,Shennong 265,Liaojing 454,Liaojing 294,Liaojing 207,Zhongliao 9052,and Kosihihikari had direct or indirect pedigree relationship,with the average parentage coefficient of 0.159.The sixteen founder parents were classified to four types based on principal coordinate analysis of 23 phenotypic traits,indicating more close genetic relationship and smaller phenotypic difference among founder parents.