不同种植制度对烤烟生长及烟叶产、质量的影响

Effects of Different Planting Methods on the Growth,Yield and Quality of Flue-cured Tobacco

为探讨适宜豫中烟区生产的烤烟种植制度,通过田间小区试验,研究了不同种植制度对豫中烤烟生长及烟叶产、质量的影响。结果表明,麦烟套种处理烟株长势较差,移栽后80d叶片SPAD值较高,成熟落黄不佳,烟叶产量、产值较低,烤后烟叶钾含量低;连作处理烟叶成熟落黄较差,烤后各部位烟叶氯离子含量明显高于其他处理;轮作处理烟叶长势和落黄均较好,烟叶产量、产值分别为2 734.5kg/hm2和60 753元/hm2,显著高于其他处理,且化学成分协调性最佳,烟叶钾含量最高,平均达1.71%。综合来看,在豫中烟区,玉米-小麦-甘薯-冬闲-烤烟3a轮作方式可以进行推广应用。

To explore the suitable planting system of flue-cured tobacco in mid Henan province,field experiment was carried out to study the effects of different planting methods on the growth,yield and quality of flue-cured tobacco in mid Henan province.The results showed that the tobacco growth vigor of inter-cropping treatment with wheat was poor.At 80 days after transplanting,the SPAD value was high and leaf maturity was not good.Compared with other treatments,the yield,output value and potassium content in tobacco leaves were lowest.The leaf maturity of continuous cropping treatment was not good,and the chloride content in tobacco leaves at different positions was significantly higher than other treatments.The growth and leaf maturity of rotation cropping treatment were good.The yield and output value were 2 734.5kg/ha and 60 753 yuan/ha respectively,significantly higher than other treatments.The integrated evaluation of chemical components coordination was best,and the potassium content in tobacco leaves was highest,with 1.71% on average.Compared comprehensively,the 3-year rotation cropping mode of maize-wheat-sweet potato-idle field-tobacco was suitable in tobacco-growing region of mid Henan province.