安徽省农业温室气体排放核算与特征分析

Estimate and Characteristics of Agricultural Greenhouse Gas Emissions in Anhui Province

综合相关研究理论,选取适宜安徽省农业实际状况的温室气体排放因子和排放量核算方法,对2000-2012年安徽省3种主要温室气体CO2、CH4和N2O的排放量进行核算,以期为制定合理的农业减排措施和低碳化政策提供参考依据。结果表明：2000-2012年安徽省农业温室气体排放量介于4 470万~5 488万t,经历了波动上升、快速下降和缓慢上升3个阶段,目前安徽省正处于农业温室气体排放上升阶段,面临减排的压力。2000-2012年安徽省农业温室气体排放结构发生了明显变化,CO2排放量所占比例呈逐年增加的趋势,占总排放量的比例由2000年的24%增加到2012年的41%,而CH4排放量所占比例逐年减小,占总排放量的比例由2000年的44%减少至2012年的34%,N2O排放量所占比例相对稳定。温室气体排放类别中,水稻田CH4排放、化肥生产CO2排放始终为主要排放源,占总排放量的比例大于50%。13a间安徽省农业单位产值温室气体排放量总体不断降低,说明安徽省节能减排工作取得了一定成果。稻田CH4减排、化肥和能源利用率的提高成为未来安徽农业发展的重点。

Combined with related research theory,the appropriate emission accounting method and emission factors fitted for Anhui province were selected,and the main agricultural greenhouse gas（CO2,CH4,N2O）emissions were estimated in Anhui province from 2000 to 2012.The results showed that the emission of agricultural greenhouse gas（GHG）was between 44.70 million tone and 54.88 million tone,had gone though three periods：fluctuant increase period,rapid decrease period and slow increase period from 2000 to 2012,and Anhui province today is in third period,facing the pressure of reducing emissions.The structure of agricultural greenhouse gas changed obviously,the proportion of CO2 emission in total emission increased from 24%in 2000 to 41%in2012,the proportion of CH4 emission in total emission declined from 44% in 2000 to 34% in2012,but the proportion of N2 O emission was relatively stable.The main emissions of agricultural greenhouse gas were CH4 emission from paddy and CO2 emission from fertilizer production in Anhui province,which accounted for more than 50% of total emission.In addition,there was a decreasing trend in agricultural greenhouse gas emission per agricultural GDP in Anhui,and the future agricultural development should focus on reducing paddy CH4 emission and improving the use efficiency of fertilizer and energy.