石墨烯的晶格缺陷

Lattice Defects of the Graphene

独特而完美的二维晶体结构赋予了石墨烯超高的比表面积、导电导热率和机械强度等诸多优异性能。然而在实际制备过程中,不可避免地会产生空位和含氧基团等晶格缺陷,从而使得这些性能指标大大低于理论值,故具有完美二维晶体结构的高质量石墨烯成了研究者竞相追求的目标。其实,任何事情都具有两面性,这些晶格缺陷同时也具备一些优点,如可以改善石墨烯的离子扩散系数、分离性能及反应活性等。本文客观而全面地综述了当前文献中石墨烯结构中的晶格缺陷对石墨烯性能的影响。

Perfect and unique two dimensional（ 2D） crystal structure endows the graphene with many excellent advantages such as super-high specific surface area,electronic and thermal conductivity,mechanical strength and so on. However,it is inevitable to form some lattice defects such as vacancies and oxygen-containing groups during the practical preparation of graphene,which may make these properties much lower than the corresponding theoretical values. Therefore,high quality graphene with perfect 2D crystal structure has been pursued competitively. In fact,everything has two sides,and these lattice defects also have some virtues. For example, they can modify ionic diffusion coefficient,separation performance,reaction activity of the graphene and so on. In this article,the pros and cons of the lattice defects within the graphene were reviewed and discussed objectively and roundly.