爱伊河水环境因子分析与水质综合评价

An Analysis of Water Environment Factors and an Evaluation of Water Quality of Aiyi River

2012年3-11月,在对银川市爱伊河水环境因子调查的基础上,运用主成分分析方法分析研究影响爱伊河水质的主要环境因子,运用模糊综合评价法对爱伊河的水质状况进行综合评价,结果表明,造成爱伊河水环境污染的水环境因子分为4类,第1类是有机物引起的水体污染,包含的因子为透明度(SD)、悬浮物(SS)、高锰酸盐指数(CODMn)、五日生化需氧量(BOD5)、总磷(TP);第2类是浮游藻类引起的水体污染,包含的因子为叶绿素a;第3类为氮营养盐引起的水体污染,包含的因子为总氮(TN)、氨氮(NH3-N);第4类为溶解盐类引起的水体污染,包含的因子为电导率(EC)。爱伊河水环境的主要因子依次为TP、EC、NH3-N、TN、CODMn、BOD5、SS、Chla、SD,氮、磷营养盐在爱伊河水体中起主导作用。爱伊河水质综合评价结果为Ⅴ类,总氮超标是造成爱伊河水体污染的主要原因。

Based on the investigation of the water environment factors and aquatic biodiversity of the Aiyi River from March to November 2012,the principal component analysis is selected to analyze the water environment factors of Aiyi River.The fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method is used to evaluate the water quality of Aiyi River.The result shows that the water environment factors which causes water environment pollution of Aiyi River can be divided into four types.The factors which causes organic pollutants are Secchi-depth（SD）,Suspended solids（SS）,Potassium permanganate index（CODMn）,5days biochemical oxygen demand（BOD5）and total phosphorus（TP）.The factor causes Planktonic algae pollution is Chlorophyll a.The factors which causes nitrogen nutrient pollution are total nitrogen（TN）and ammonia nitrogen（NH3-N）.The factors which causes dissolved salts pollutants was electrical conductivity（EC）.The water environmental factors followed by the importance which affects water quality of Aiyi River are arranged as follows：TP,EC,NH3-N,TN,CODMn,BOD5,SS,Chla,SD.The water environment factors which plays a leading role in water quality of Aiyi River are nitrogen and phosphorus nutrient.The comprehensive evaluation result of Aiyi River water quality is Class V.The total nitrogen content exceeded criterion leads to water pollution of Aiyi River.