《广雅疏证》以类比手法说明“名”“实”“义”关系情况浅析

A Brief Analysis of the Relationship between Name, Thing and Meaning by the Analogy in Guangya Shuzheng（广雅疏证）

《广雅疏证》以类比手法所说明的“名”、“实”、“义”之间的关系，包括两种情况：一、“名”与“实”之间的关系。分为类比词前、后的两个被称事物与类比词前、后的两个称名之间的关系，以及类比词前的被称事物和称名之间与类比词后的被称事物和称名之间的关系。前者表现为具有共同特征的两个被称事物称名完全相同、称名音同或音近、称名的命名之义相同三种情况；后者表现为“同类者并得同名”、“类相近而名相假”等十一种情况。二、“名”与“义”之间的关系。表现为“义相同，则名相同或音同音近”、“义相近，则名相同或音同音近”、“义相因，则名音同或音近”三种情况。

There are two name, thing and aspects concerning the relationship between meaning by the analogy in Guangya Shuzheng（广雅疏证）. One is the relationship between name and thing, which means the relationship between two things and two names both connected by the analogy and the re- lationship between name and thing before and after the analogy is used. The former is shown by the evidence that two things with the same features have the same name, the same or similar pronunciation and the same meaning. The later is shown with 11 cases, such as ＂the things in the same category having the same name＂, ＂the things in the similar categories borrowing the names from each other＂. The other is the relationship between name and meaning which is shown with the three cases including ＂the same meaning causing the same name or the same or similar pronunciation＂, ＂the similar meanings cau- sing the same name or the same or similar pronunciation＂ and ＂the correlative meanings causing the same or similar pronunciation＂.