12世纪至19世纪汉语声母的演化规律与方向——论零声母的扩大与演化

The Evolution of Chinese zero——Initial Consonant from 12 to 19 Centuries

12世纪至19世纪相当于北宋末年至清代末年,前后有八百年的时光.这个阶段正好上接中古音,下开现代音,是汉语音韵演化的重要关键.声母问题又是汉语演变最为复杂的部分.我们希望在前人的基础上,能更进一步厘清这八百年声母变迁的趋势,以期对汉语音韵史的了解有所帮助,对现代方言的研究也能提供一些参考.我们把声母的演化类型分为五类：1、轻唇化的发展,2、知照系字与卷舌音的问题,3、零声母的扩大,4、浊音清化,5、见系和精系的颚化.因为篇幅的关系,本文把重点放在“零声母的扩大”一项.

The change of Chinese initial consonant from 12 to 19 centuries is a very important period in the history of Chinese language. Many phonological aspects transformed and made the system of initial consonant reorganized. We can trace these changes by the research of rhyme books and rhyme tables of those days. We hope to know how these changes are working, how many categories of change we could find, and analysis and describe the change rules as possible as we cduld.