《经传释词》“不”“丕”助词说辨误

Identification and Correction of Auxiliary Word Theory About ＂pi＂ （ 丕） and ＂bu＂ （不） in Jingzhuanshici（经传释词）

《经传释词》说“不”“丕”是助词。杨树达、俞敏既肯定此观点又对他的部分例句曾有否定。笔者本文证明，此条的观点完全是错误的，全部例句都不能成立。它们属四种不同情况，都是有词汇意义的。第一类，“丕”的意思是：大。“不”是“丕”的通假。第二类，例句实际是反问句，“不”字是否定副词的常义。第三类，句子是单纯否定，“不”字也是表示否定。第四类，是衍文、复辅音等杂例。

Wangyinzhi （王引之） said in the Jingzhuanshici （经传释词） that both the Chinese words ＂pi＂ （丕） and ＂bu＂ （不） are used as auxiliary words. Later, Yangshuda （杨树达） and Yumin （俞敏） reanalysised relative examples. Based on his own study , the writer points out view is completely wrong because the some cor- the whole examples cited by Jingzhuanshici（ 经传释词） can be divided into four kinds in which ＂pi＂ （ 丕 ） and ＂bu＂ （不） have vocabulary meaning. In the first circumstance, ＂pi＂ （ 丕 ） means big, ＂bu＂ （不） is used temporarily as ＂pi＂ （ 丕 ）. In the second circumstance, the sen- tence is a rhetorical question and ＂bu＂ （不） is a negative adverb. In the third circumstance, the sentence is a negative one and ＂bu＂（不） is also used as an adverbial word. In the Last circumstance, usage is complicated：sometimes it belongs to redundancy due to misprinting or miscopying, sometimes it is part of a consonant duster and so on.