关于文字一些基本问题的再认识

The Recognition of the Basic Problems about Characters

“文字是语言的书写符号系统。”这种定义是语言本位的认识，所揭示的只是文字的部分属性，而不是它的完整属性。站在文字的立场上来看，文字具有独立于语言之外的特性，它是一种综合性的事物，具有多种特性：文字的本体是视觉图形，它具有特殊的物理属性、生理属性和心理属性；文字是一定的形体与一定的语言要素相结合的复合物，是一种符号，而不仅仅是书写记号；文字不仅是语言符号，而且是思维及事像符号；文字（汉字）体系是一个复杂的巨系统；文字本质上是一种社会符号，它从根本上受制于社会，反过来又对社会产生着强大的反作用。

The definition, ＂the Chinese Character is the writing symbol of the language＂, is the recognition about the language noumenon, which on- ly reveals part of the qualities of the Chinese Character, but not the whole. Standing on the characters＇ position, we know that a character being compre- hensive has various natures independent of the language. The noumenon of the character is a visual picture, including special physical natures, physio- logical and psychological natures. A character as a combination of certain shape and essential factors of the language is a symbol, but not only a writing symbol. The Chinese symbol of the thought a complicate tremendo Character is not merely the language symbol, also a and the image. The system of the Chinese Character is us system. Chinese Characters are the developing tools of the society. They interact with each other.