摘要
＂前＂、＂先＂二字的本义都表示空间位移,但在后来的词义演变过程中,＂前＂引申出了空间概念和时间概念这两类义项,＂先＂的时间概念明显,空间概念却比较薄弱。发展到现代汉语中,词汇的双音化进一步导致了两者在词义上的分工。本文通过考察《十三经》,结合现代汉语中＂前＂、＂先＂各自的用法,运用共时与历时相结合的研究方法,试图阐释时空词语＂前＂、＂先＂在先秦与现代汉语这两大时间段中的词义演变问题。
The original meanings of ＂before＂ and ＂first＂ are the verb meaning mobile space, however, in the subsequent evolution of the process of meaning, ＂before＂ comes out of the main concepts of space and time, but ＂first＂ comes out the concept which the time meaning is clear but the space meaning is relatively weak. When they develop to the modem Chinese, two-tone and so on has led to both further the division of meaning. Through the investigation, ＂Thirteen Classics＂ and associating with the modem Chinese, we try to explain the meaning evolution of the space-time words by using synchronic and diachronic research method between the Pre-Qin period and the modem Chinese period.
关键词
时空词语
前
先
词义演变
Spatial and temporal terms
Qian （前）
Xian （先）
word meaningevolution
