“自”字连续误增新义的清理否定

Identification and Correction of Adding New Glossemes to the Chinese Word ＂Zi＂ （自）

从清代《经传释词》开始,给＂自＂字增加新的义项,陆续形成一种增加新义的风尚。到当代《广释词》等辞书,新增的义项竟然积累多达27个,涉及到除感叹词外的所有词类。其实它们都是仅从使句子好像讲得＂通＂而望文生义的。从坚持词义的系统性与＂自＂的常义出发,对新增词义的共170多个例句,一一核查,可以充分证明所有新义都不能成立,而应否定。

In Explanation of Function Words in Confucian canon written by Wang Yinzhi in the Qing Dynasty, the Chinese word＂ Zi＂ （自） only had two glossemes. From then on, linguistics tended to add new glossemes to the word. By the time when Xu Renfu finished his Enlarged Explanation of Function Words in Confucian canon, the added glossemes had amounted to twenty -seven, involving all parts of speech except interjection. In fact, all these glossemes were only caught from temporary contexts. Based on the system of meaning of the word and its common meaning, we verify the over one hundred and seventy examples they provided and find that all these glossemes are untenable.