马铃薯块茎蛾对几种茄科植物的嗜食性研究

Study on Preference of Phthorimaea operculella to Solanaceous Host Plants

在单寄主和多寄主不同选择压力下,进行了马铃薯块茎蛾对马铃薯、烟草、番茄、茄子、辣椒、蔓陀萝、龙葵7种茄科寄主植物的嗜食性研究。结果表明,在单寄主或多寄主选择压力下受害最严重的是烟草和马铃薯,其次是茄子、曼陀罗、番茄和辣椒,但对龙葵不危害;马铃薯块茎蛾对寄主有较明显的选择性,在供试的7种茄科植物中,烟草、马铃薯、茄子为最敏感寄主植物（PI〉0.2）,为马铃薯块茎蛾嗜食作物,曼陀罗、番茄为次敏感寄主植物（0.2〉PI〉0.1）,辣椒、龙葵为不敏感寄主植物（PI〈0.1）。在相同条件下用上述几种寄主作物饲养马铃薯块茎蛾完成1个世代的历期差异较大,马铃薯为32～40 d、烟草为28～37 d、茄子为30～40 d、曼陀罗为35～45 d、番茄为35～45 d,辣椒苗、龙葵饲养未能完成世代。

The preference of Phthorimaea operculella to seven host plants（ potato,tobacco,tomato,eggplant,chili pepper,thorn apple and solanum nigrum） was carried out under single and multi-hosts feeding conditions. The results showed that Phthorimaea operculella caused the most serious damage to tobacco and potato plants,followed by eggplant,thorn apple,tomato and chili pepper,respectively. There was no damage to solanum nigrum. It showed that Phthorimaea operculella had a high host specificity. In the seven solanaceae plant varieties,tobacco,potato and eggplant plants were the most sensitive hosts to Phthorimaea operculella（ PI 〉0. 2）,followed by thorn apple and tomato plants（ 0. 2 〉PI 〉0. 1）,while chili pepper and solanum nigrum plants were not showing sensitivity（ PI〈 0. 1）. There were different generation periods of Phthorimaea operculella under different fed conditions,33- 55 d with potato,28- 37 d with tobacco,30- 40 d with eggplant,35- 45 d with thorn apple and 38- 50 d with tomato. However,Phthorimaea operculella could not complete its life cycle fed with chili pepper and solanum nigrum plants.