土壤质地对青霉菌灭活菌丝体制剂诱导烤烟抗逆能力的影响

Effect of Soil Texture on Stress Resistance of Flue-cured Tobacco Induced by Dry Mycelium of Penicillium chrysogenum

针对青霉菌灭活菌丝体制剂示范推广中出现不同土壤环境中效果存在较大差异的问题,开展砂土和壤土中青霉菌灭活菌丝体制剂对烤烟抗逆能力的影响试验。结果显示,青霉菌灭活菌丝体制剂的效果在不同质地的土壤中差异明显。砂土中施用青霉菌灭活菌丝体制剂15 kg/hm2的效果优于施用7.5 kg/hm2;前者的主要农艺性状显著高于常规防治和空白对照,未出现黑胫病病株,对烟草花叶病的相对防效达81.88%,比对照增产180 kg/hm2、增值8 400元/hm2。壤土中施用青霉菌灭活菌丝体制剂15kg/hm2的效果比施用7.5 kg/hm2的效果略差;后者的主要农艺性状显著高于常规防治和空白对照,未发现黑胫病和根黑腐病病株,对普通花叶病的相对防效达74.60%,比对照增产255 kg/hm2、增值11 707.5元/hm2。

The demonstration and extension effect of dry mycelium of Penicillium chrysogenum（ DMP） in different soil were quite different.A field trial was carried out to contrast the resistance against disease and growth-promoting effect of DMP on flue-cured tobacco planted in sandy soil and loam. The results showed that the effect of DMP was quite different in different soil texture. Using DMP 15 kg / hm^2 in sandy soil was better than using DMP 7. 5 kg / hm^2. Using DMP 15 kg / hm^2 in sandy soil could improve the main agronomic characters of Flue-cured tobacco significantly,protected tobacco plants from Tobacco Black Shank without one tobacco plant infected,the relative control efficiency to tobacco mosaic virus could reach 81. 88 %,the production and value could increase 180 kg / hm^2 and 8 400 yuan / hm^2. Using DMP 7. 5 kg /hm^2 in loam was better than using DMP 15 kg / hm^2. Using DMP 7. 5 kg / hm^2 in loam could improve the main agronomic characters of Fluecured tobacco significantly,protect tobacco plants from Tobacco Black Shank and Tobacco Black Root Rot without one tobacco plant infected,the relative control efficiency to tobacco mosaic virus could reach 74. 60 %,the production and value could increase 255 kg / hm^2and11 707. 5 yuan / hm^2.