温度、水分和光照对玛咖种子萌发的影响

Effects of Temperature,Moisture Stress and Light on Seed Germination of Maca( Lepidium meyenii Walp. )

通过在人工气候箱内进行种子萌发实验,探讨了不同温度、水分含量和光照时间对玛咖种子萌发的影响。结果表明,温度在5～30℃,玛咖种子起始萌发和萌发完成所需的时间随温度升高而减少;15～30℃为玛咖适宜萌发温度,最终萌发率15～25℃较高,萌发指数和萌发速率指数25℃时最高。玛咖种子萌发率与PEG-6000溶液的浓度呈极显著负相关（R^2=-0.9334,P〈0.01）,当PEG-6000溶液浓度达到30%时,玛咖种子不能完成萌发。不同光照时间处理下玛咖种子最终萌发率以光照/黑暗各12 h最高,但各处理间无显著差异。

This study was undertaken to determine the effects of different temperatures,moisture content and illumination time on the seed germination of maca in climatic chambers. Results showed that the dates of initial and final germination shortened with the temperature increase from 5 to 30 ℃. The suitable temperature for maca germination was 15- 30 ℃,and the seeds produced higher percentage germination at 15- 25 ℃. Both the germination index and speed of germination index at 25 ℃ were the highest of the treatments. The seed germination percentage was negatively and significantly correlated with the concentration of PEG-6000（ R^2=- 0. 9334,P〈0. 01）. When the concentration was 30 %,the seeds could not germinate. The seed germination percentage at 12 h /12 h（ light / dark） photoperiod was the highest of the light treatments,but there were no significant differences among the treatments.