海关监管视角下自贸试验区物流产业发展改善研究——以洋山保税港区为例

Studies on the Improvement of Logistic Industry in Pilot FTZ from the Perspective of Customs Control——Based on Yangshan Bonded Port

中国(上海)自由贸易试验区设立的背景主要是全球贸易投资规则重构和改革开放进入新阶段。洋山保税港区物流产业发展的现状表现为:注册区内物流企业数量不少,但实际入区运作企业不多;区内汽车产业链、服装百货等特色专业物流服务初步集聚;区内国际分拨、国际采购、中转集拼等特色功能不断开拓。其存在的问题是运行成本高,企业生存发展负担重;口岸部门管理效率不高,监管流程与制度尚有优化空间。自贸试验区成立一年多来,海关推出五大类23项改革措施助推物流发展。今后还需要建立有效协调机制,提高海关服务自贸区效率;切实落实创新机制,推动监管创新与功能拓展。

The establishment of China （Shanghai） Pilot Free Trade Zone is mainly to meet the reconstruction of the global trade and investment rules and the new stage of reforming and opening up. The current situation of the logistic industry in Yangshan Bonded Port is manifested as follows： quite a lot of logistic companies registered in the zone but few companies operating logistics inside the zone; preliminary clustering of professional logistic services for automobile industry chain and apparel and grocery industries ; and constant evolving distinctive functions of international distribution, global sourcing and transshipment and consolidation. The main existing problems are high operational cost, heavy burden on survival and development, low efficiency of port agencies, and control procedure and system need to be further improved. Over the past more than one year since the founding of the pilot FTZ, Customs has launched five types including 23 items of reforming measures to promote the logistic development. In the future, it is recommended to set up effective coordination mechanism to enhance the efficiency of Customs service in the FTZ, and practically put in place the innovative mechanism to push forward the innovation in control and functional development.