“学习中心”课堂中小组合作学习的问题及对策

The Problems of Team Work in"Study Center"Classroom and Their Countermeasures

学习中心课堂正成为我国课堂教学转型性变革的基本取向,而小组合作学习是建构学习中心课堂的抓手和突破口之一。目前小组合作学习主要存在分组随意,同质化现象严重;学困生被边缘化,学优生积极性受挫;小组成员不能友好相处;小组合作的整体积极性不高等问题。因此,需要从异质分组、学科联动;建立小组共同愿景;小组成员各尽其责;给予合作方法指导;规范小组合作形式;以评价促合作等方面进行改进。

＂Study Center＂classroom,with team work as one of its implementation models,has formally become a basic trend in China＇s classroom teaching transformation.However,the following problems present themselves in team work：many group members are on the same level due to the random grouping;poor learners are marginalized and the top learners are discouraged;group members can＇t get along with each other;members are not active in cooperation.To deal with these problems,we should adopt the following countermeasures：including students of different levels into each group and encouraging teachers of different subjects to communicate and cooperate;building common prospect among all group members;requiring each member to perform his duty;giving instruction on cooperation method;standardizing cooperation form;using assessment to promote cooperation.