MVDR自适应波束形成技术在水声中的研究进展

Development and application of MVDR adaptive beamforming technique in underwater acoustic

高分辨波束形成器比常规波束形成具有更好的方位分辨力与干扰抑制能力。该波束形成器能够提高阵列输出信干噪比,从而提高声呐的探测性能。与多重信号分类、旋转不变子空间等方法相比,最小方差无畸变响应(Minimum Variance Distortionless Response,MVDR)波束形成器输出真实反映了观察方向的信号功率,同时可提供波束时间序列做后置处理,在水声阵列处理领域得到了快速发展和深入研究。对高分辨MVDR技术在水声阵列处理中的研究进展进行了回顾,重点介绍了其宽带处理、稳健性、运动补偿、解相干等国内外的研究热点和最新成果,同时给出其在各种水声阵列处理领域的应用前景。

The azimuth resolution and anti-interference capability of high-resolution beamformer are better than con-ventional beamformer. It can improve the output SINR （signal to interference plus noise ratio） of receive array, and so the sonar detection performance can be enhanced. Compared with MUSIC and ESPRIT, the true signal power can be given by MVDR （Minimum Variance Distortionless Response） beamformer, and meanwhile the time waveform series of beam can be given for post processing. So MVDR is developed quickly and researched deeply in acoustic array processing. In this paper, the development of high-resolution MVDR beamforming technique for underwater acoustic array is reviewed. The research hotspots and new achievements of MVDR are discussed, including wideband processing, robustness, target motion compensation and decorrelation. Furthermore, various application prospects of MVDR in acoustic array processing are given.