福岛核事故后国内外核电厂应急准备的改进研究

Study on NPP's Emergency Preparedness Improvements after Fukushima Nuclear Accident at Home and Abroad

福岛核事故3年后,国内外大量经验反馈指出,为了确保核电厂的安全运行,并在事故后尽量减少放射性物质释放,降低事故引发的人员伤亡和财产损失,对目前的应急准备进行改进是十分必要的。本文首先详细研究了国内外针对福岛后的应急准备改进要求,其次对我国3个典型核电厂对《福岛核事故后核电厂改进行动通用技术要求(试行)》的落实情况进行调研,最后初步归纳了《应急准备改进的技术要求》关键点。本调研报告将为技术要求的最终制定提供重要依据,并可为国家核安全局及各核电业主决策提供参考。

Three years later after Fukushima nuclear accident,hundreds of experience feedbacks told us,to ensure the safe operation of NPP,to minimize the release of radioactive material after the accident,and to reduce loss caused by accidents,it is very necessary to improve the existing emergency preparedness. In this paper,we investigate the improvement of specifications at home and abroad. And then,taking three typical NPPs as example,it has been investigated and reviewed whether the NPPs have met ＇ the requirement of General Specifications for NPP＇s Improvement Actions after Fukushima Nuclear Accident（Trial）＇ or not. Finally,the key points for improvement specifications of NPP＇s emergency preparedness have been proposed. These results are good information for decision-makers.