风力机桨叶超声波除冰实验技术研究及其应用

Experimental research on ultrasonic de-icing for wind turbine blades and its application

利用人工环境实验室、模态分析系统、自行设计的两套超声波除冰设备和嵌有压电陶瓷片的风力机桨叶建立风力机桨叶超声波除冰实验台,对不同覆冰状态下的桨叶进行了模态分析,从桨叶的曲率模态参数中提取风力机桨叶覆冰区域与覆冰厚度参数,并利用压电陶瓷片产生的超声波横向剪切应力给风力机桨叶除冰。实验表明,根据所获得的覆冰区域与覆冰厚度参数能较准确地诊断风力机桨叶覆冰状态,超声波除冰技术适用于风力机覆冰桨叶。通过对实验数据分析,提出了除冰时间与覆冰厚度、除冰能耗与覆冰温度和除冰能耗与覆冰厚度之间的定量关系式,为设计超声波桨叶除冰系统提供实验依据。

An ultrasonic de-icing experimental test bench, which consists of a modal analysis system, two sets ultrasonic de-icing experiment devices developed by researchers and some wind turbine blade embedded piezoelectric ceramic disks, was constructed in an artificial environment laboratory for wind turbine blade testing under iced condition. Under different icing condition, a modal analysis of wind turbine blade was carried out for these characteristic value indexes of wind turbine blade icing position and degree were extracted from the curvature mode parameter. Ultrasonic transverse shear stresses cre- ated by the piezoelectric ceramic disk peeled off ice layers frozen on the wind turbine blade. The test re- suits show that the icing condition of wind turbine blade is able to be diagnosed by the characteristic value index of wind turbine blade icing position and degree, the ultrasonic de-icing technology is feasi- ble for ice-covered blade. Furthermore, a quantitative correlation formula between the time for melting the ice and the thickness of the ice on the blade, a quantitative correlation formula between the energy consumption of de-icing and the temperature and thickness of the ice are presented according to the experimental results. An experimental basis of ultrasonic de-icing system for wind turbine blades is es- tablished in the field of engineering design.