莫言小说《四十一炮》的复调特征剖析

Analysis on the Polyphonic Structure of Mo Yan's Novel Forty One Cannon

莫言小说《四十一炮》是典型的复调结构,小说的主人公不但是故事的叙述者,还是作者思想的寄托者。作者"用写作挽留自己的少年时光",让罗小通"用诉说创造自己的少年时光"1,以罗小通为中心的大型对话和微型对话编织了小说中复杂的人物关系,将三条线索的故事浓缩在同一时空,小说中多种意义指向同一语词,多种风格混搭成作品统一的和声效果,恰如复调的不同声部构成和谐的整体。

Mo Yan’s novel Forty One Cannon is classic polyphonic structure, in which the hero of the novel is not only the narra-tor of story, but also the depositor of the author ’s thought. The author wanted “to retain his youth by writing”, let Luo Xiaotong“create his youth by narration”, and the large-scale dialogue and miniature dialogue centered by Luo Xiaotong weaved the com-plicated relationship of the character among the novel, in which the stories of three clues were concentrated at the same time and space, various meanings pointing to the same word, a variety of styles mixed into unified harmonic effect, just like different voice parts of polyphony constituting harmonious entirety.