浅埋煤层综放开采覆岩破坏高度与特征

Overlying Strata Failure Height and Characteristic of Full-mechanized Caving Mining in Shallow-buried Coal-seam

以东胜煤田某矿井地质条件为依据,采用统计分析、实验室物理力学和水理性质测试、数值模拟和现场实测综合研究方法,研究了浅埋深综放开采覆岩特性及采动破坏高度。研究结果表明:软弱岩层抗采动破坏的能力相对较好,尤其是上软下硬的覆岩结构更有利于抑制采动裂隙的进一步发展;裂隙发育形态以高角度纵向延展裂隙为主,偶见纵横交错裂隙;对于类似浅埋深软弱地层和综放开采条件下覆岩破坏高度可以按照垮采比为4.8、裂采比为14进行预计。

Applying statistics analysis, physical, mechanical and water property test, numerical simulation and on-the-spot observation method, overlying strata characteristic and mining failure height of full-mechanized caving mining shallow-buried coal-seam was re-searched on the basis of geological condition of a mine in Dongsheng coal-field. Result showed that anti-mining failure ability of soft rock was better than that of hard rock, especially upper-soft-lower-hard overlying strata structure was benefit for controlling development of fissure induced by mining. Fissure development form was mainly vertical extension fissure, seldom crisscross fissures. For similar condi-tion of full-mechanized caving mining shallow-buried soft strata, caving height and fissure height could be predicted with 4. 8 and 14 times of mining height.