来自国外的秘书监:晁衡

Chao Heng: the Mishujian from a Foreign Country in Tang Dynasty

晁衡（日名阿倍仲麻吕,698—770年）是日本著名遣唐使,在唐历任校书郎、左拾遗（从八品上）、左补阙（从七品上）、秘书监兼卫尉卿等职,历经玄宗、肃宗、代宗三朝。唐代的秘书监犹如今天的国家图书馆和档案馆馆长,既要有渊博的知识,又是一种很高的荣誉,一般都由学界名流出任。晁衡凭借自己的正直和渊博学识,以一个外国人升任秘书监,实属罕见。晁衡担任秘书监期间,不仅积极进行唐朝馆库的藏书建设,而且引领遣唐使密集接触唐朝的国库文献和汉籍佛经,有力促进了日本文化的发展。鉴真大师得以成功东渡日本,晁衡也起了重要的桥梁纽带作用。今天,回顾这位友好使者及其为中日文化交流所作出的杰出贡献,不仅可以看到唐代中国对外交往的开放和博大胸怀,而且对今后中日关系的健康发展仍具有深层的现实意义。

Chao Heng （Japanese name： Abeno Nakamaro, 698-770）, a famous Japanese envoy to China in Tang Dynasty,held successively the official posts of Official Book Collator, Zuoshiyi, Zuobuque, Mishujian, ete and served three emperors Xuan Zong, Su Zong, Dai Zong. Mishujian in Tang Dynasty was the curator of national library and archives who not only had profound knowledge but also enjoyed a high honor and was always undertaken by aca- demic celebrities. It was rare for the world that Abeno Nakamaro, a Japanese, was selected as Mishujian by virtue of his own integrity and erudition. During the period of Mishujian, Abeno Nakamaro actively developed the construction of library collections of Tang Dynasty and led other Japanese envoys to familiarize the literature collections and Bud- dhist literature of Tang Dynasty, which greatly promoted Japanese culture. Chao Heng also played an important role of bridge in the deed of Master Jian Zhen crossing the ocean eastward to Japan. Today, reviewing the friendly envoy and the outstanding contribution to Sino-Japanese cultural exchange he has made, we can not only see the openness and broad mind of Tang Dynasty in international exchange but also feel the realistic significance to the future healthy de- velopment of Sino-Japanese relations. 19 Refs.