青岛逆温层特征及其对空气质量的影响分析

Analysis on Characteristics of Inversion Layer and Its Influence on Air Quality in Qingdao

利用2006—2012年青岛站逐日08时和20时(北京时)的探空资料,研究了青岛市大气逆温层特征和变化规律以及大气逆温层和城市空气质量之间的关系。结果表明,青岛的逆温在春季最多,夏季最少,以接地逆温为主。接地逆温层平均厚度为290.6 m,最大厚度可达1 443 m;平均强度为0.56℃·(100 m)^(-1),最大强度为10.00℃·(100 m)^(-1)。空气污染前和污染时出现的逆温中,接地逆温占73.2%。空气污染前24 h内的20时和污染时08时的逆温强度与污染日API呈正相关关系,逆温层厚度与空气质量关系不明显。中度以上污染时,08时接地逆温强度与污染日API相关系数达0.99,通过0.001的置信度检验。

The characteristics and variations of the inversion layer and the relationship between the inversion layer and the air quality in Qingdao City are investigated by using daily radiosonde data obtained at Qingdao Station at 08：00 and 20：00 BLT from 2006 to 2012. The results indicate that the thermal inversion in Qingdao occurs most frequently in spring and least in summer, of which the ground thermal inversion is dominant. The average thickness of the ground thermal inversion layer is 290.6 m, with the maximum being 1 443 m. Its average intensity is 0.56 ℃· （100 m） 1, with the maximum being 10.00 ℃· （100 m）-1. In the thermal inversions occurring before and during the polluted air, the ground thermal inversion makes up 73.20/00. The inversion intensities measured at 20：00 BLT within 24 h before the polluted air and those measured at 08：00 BLT during the polluted air are positively correlated with API in the polluted days. The relationship between the thickness of the inversion layer and the air quality is not evident. When the air pollution reaches to a moderate degree or more, the correlation coefficient between the intensity of the ground inversion at 08：00 BLT and the API in the polluted days is 0.99, passing the confidence test of 0. 001.