基于GIS的区域干旱灾害风险区划研究——以武陵山片区为例

A Zoning Study of Region Drought Disaster Risk Based on GIS:the Case of Wuling Mountain Area

根据灾害系统理论,以连片特困区-武陵山片区干旱灾害为例,分别从孕灾环境敏感性、致灾因子的危险性和承载体的脆弱性3个方面,选取地形地貌、土壤类型、植被覆盖类型、水资源、降雨量、人口密度及耕地面积等指标为旱灾风险评估指标因子,利用熵权法确定各因子权重,建立武陵山片区干旱灾害风险评估模型,并进行风险区划,为武陵山片区区域防灾、减灾和区域扶贫措施的制定提供参考依据。研究结果表明:武陵山片区区域整体处于中、高风险区,空间分布呈东南-西北向条带状分布;东南区域处在干旱灾害高风险区,西北区域处在干旱灾害中等风险区,而东北区域处在相对较低的风险区。

According to the disaster system theory,drought disaster of the destitute areas-Wuling mountain ar-ea is taken as an example,from three aspects as sensitivity of disaster causing factor,hazard of disaster causing fac-tor and vulnerability of bearing body,drought risk evaluation index factors are chosen from index of topography,soil type,vegetation type,water resources,rainfall,density of population,cultivated land area,etc.By using the method of entropy right,the weight of each factor is determined and the drought disaster model of risk assessment is established.Risk zoning is conducted to provide reference for the regional disaster prevention,mitigation and re-gional poverty alleviation.The results show that：the whole region of Wuling mountain area is in the high risk area, the spatial distribution demonstrated strip distribution from the southeast to the northwest;the southeast region is in high risk area of drought disaster,the northwest region is in the medium risk area drought disaster,and the north-east region is in relatively low risk area.