论公益信托监察人

On Charitable Trust Supervisors

信托监察人制度是两大法系信托立法交叉融合的典范。我国《信托法》第64条明确规定公益信托应设置公益信托监察人,但是相关法律规范过于粗陋。公益信托监察人是受益人的"保护人"、委托人的"守夜人"、受托人的"监督人",乃是公益信托内部监督的重要主体。公益信托监察人享有履行职责的诸项职权和保障自身利益的权利。公益信托监察人应当履行注意义务、忠实义务和公平义务,并承担相应的民事责任和刑事责任。《信托法》应当进一步健全信托监察人的选任方式和任职资格,规范变更和退出机制,确保公益信托可持续发展。

The system of trust supervisor is a model system in trust legislation integration of the two big legal systems. The 64th term of Chinese trust law stipulates clearly that charitable trust should have trust supervisors,but the relevant regulations are not well considered enough. The charitable trust supervisor is the protector of beneficiary, the night watchman of consignor, the supervisor of bailer, and is an important body of charitable trust supervision. So he is supposed to have the authority to perform the duties and guarantee his own interests. Besides, he shall perform the duty of care, the duty of loyalty and impartiality, and bear the relevant civil liability and criminal liability. In this case, trust law should further improve the trust supervisor＇s appointment and qualifications ,specify change and exit mechanisms, so as to ensure the sustainable development of charitable trust.