试析结构主义语法与生成语法的“核心”概念

On the “Head” Concepts of Structuralist Grammar and Generative Grammar

"核心"(或"中心语")概念在结构主义语法和生成语法中都占据着极其重要的位置,但形同而实异。在结构主义语法体系中,核心只能由能够充当句法成分的实词充当,强调的是"语义重心",从本质上属于语义中心语;而在生成语法体系中,中心语可以是实词,可以是虚词,甚至可以是诸如体貌、时态、语态等功能性成分,生成语法的"核心"从本质上说属于句法中心语。

＂Head＂ concepts in structuralist grammar and generative grammar hold a very important position, but there are both similarities and differences between them. In the structuralist grammar system, only content words can serve as head of syntactic structure, which belongs to the semantic head while in the generative grammar system, content words, function words and functional components all can serve as head of syntactic structure, which belongs to the syntactic head.