北京市中学生视屏时间现状与影响因素研究

A cross-sectional study of screen time and associated factors among middle school students in Beijing

目的了解北京市中学生视屏时间现状及其影响因素,为制订切实有效的干预措施提供参考依据。方法采用横断面研究的方法,于2013年9—10月随机从北京市城区、近郊区、远郊区中各抽取2个区,每区随机抽取2所高中、2所初中,共对6个区24所学校1 126人进行问卷调查。结果被调查中学生调查前1周平均视屏时间为(1.44±1.50)h/d,视屏时间过长比例为20.5%。其中男生平均视屏时间为(1.60±1.73)h/d,高于女性(1.37±1.23)h/d(P<0.05),男性视屏时间过长率为23.2%,高于女生18.9%(P<0.05)。Logistic回归分析发现,和父母交流少(OR=1.975)、习惯使用网络交流(OR=1.258)、在网络上更被认同(OR=1.218)、习惯上网搜索答案(OR=1.293)是视屏时间长的危险因素;自感被同学理解(OR=0.824)、父母限制视屏时间(OR=0.791)为视屏时间长的保护因素(P值均<0.05)。结论电子屏幕设备在中学生中使用较多。中学生视屏时间受到社会支持水平影响,减少视屏时间需要家庭、学校多方面共同参与。

Objective To study current status and risk factors of screen time in Beijing middle school students. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted from Sep. to Oct. in 2013, 24 schools were selected randomly from urban areas and suburban areas. A total of 1 126 participants were included into analysis. Logistic regression was employed to analyze the risk factors of screen time. Results Average screen time of middle school students was （ 1.44±1.50 ） h/day; 20.5% of the students reported excessive screen time.Among which boys＇ average screen time （ 1.60±1.73 ） h/d was higher than that of girls＂ （ 1.37± 1.23 ） h/d （ P〈 0.05 ） .The excessive screen time rate of boys （23.2% ） was higher than that of girls＇ （ 18.9% ） （ P〈0.05 ）. Few communication with parents（ OR = 1.975） , communication using network（ OR = 1.258） , internet searching（ OR = 1.293） and self-verification through internet（ OR= 1.218） were risk factors of screen time（ P〈0.05） ; self-awareness of being understood by classmates（ OR=0.824） and limiting screen time by parents （ OR = 0.791 ） were protective factors of screen time （ P〈0.05 ）. Conclusion Adolescents are spending too much time in front of computer and television. Families and schools need to collaborate to reduce screen time for middle school students.