重庆市沙坪坝区中学生2005—2012年肺结核流行病学分析

Epidemiological analysis of pulmonary tuberculosis among middle school students in Shapingba district,Chongqing during 2005-2012

目的分析重庆市沙坪坝区2005—2012年中学生肺结核的流行现状及特点,为采取有针对性的防控措施提供参考。方法对沙坪坝区2005—2012年结核病专报网确诊并登记的中学生肺结核患者资料进行统计和分析。结果沙坪坝区中学生活动性肺结核年平均发病率为51.1/10万,呈逐年下降趋势（z=-24.96,P〈0.01）。藏族中学学生肺结核年平均发病率为411.5/10万,远高于其他类型中学（P〈0.05）。中学生肺结核患者中以高中生为主,且45.97%年龄集中在17-18岁年龄段。32.24%的患者为外地户籍。每年3月和4月为中学生肺结核的发病高峰。结论中学是学校肺结核防治的重点场所,应进一步加强藏族学校及高三学生等重点人群的结核病防治工作,同时重视中学生肺结核患者的流动性问题。

Objective To analyze the prevalence and characteristics of pulmonary tuberculosis （TB） among middle school students in Shapingba District during 2005-2012, in order to provide specific targeted preventive measures. Methods Descriptive statistical method was applied to analyze the data of TB case registration and management from TB registration and management information system in Shapingba District from 2005 to 2012. Results The average incidence of the pulmonary TB among middle school students in Shapingba District was 51.1/100 000 and the trend was decreasing（χ^2 = 79.355,P〈0.01 ）. The average incidence in tibetan middle school was 411.5/100 000, which was much higher than any other type of middle schools（ P〈0.01 ）. The TB patients were mainly from senior middle school, and 45.97% of the patients were at the ages between 17-18 years old. About 32.24% of the middle school patients were non-native. The peak incidence of TB among middle school students was in March and April each year. Conclusion Middle schools are important locations for potential TB infection. Prevention measures should be strengthened among tibetan middle school students, senior high school students and non-native students. A tuberculosis screening questionnaire should be completed before the college entrance examination.