中国贫困地区学校健康教育课开设现状

Survey of school health education in poor area

目的了解我国"农村义务教育学生营养改善计划"(以下简称"计划")实施地区中小学健康教育课开设情况,为进一步完善健康教育课设置提供参考依据。方法在实施"计划"的699个试点县,随机抽取30%的小学(含中心小学和教学点)和初中共11 118所作为调查学校,收集调查学校健康教育课开设等相关信息。结果在所有被调查学校中,开设健康教育课并定期上课的仅占64.6%,开设但没有上课的占3.6%。在已开设健康教育课的学校中,上课频率达到每2周1次的仅占72.9%,设有专职教师的仅占8.7%;有20.6%的学校健康教育课教师由体育教师兼任。不同学段、所在地、规模学校的健康教育课教师配置率差异有统计学意义(χ2值分别为773.1,611.0,534.8,P值均<0.01)。结论 "计划"实施地区健康教育课开课率相对较低,教师多为兼职教师,需进一步规范健康教育课课程及教师设置。

Objective To investigate the health education course in primary and junior middle school in Nutrition Improve- ment Program in Rural Compulsory Education Students （ NIPRCES ） area. Methods About 30% of primary school and junior mid- dle school were randomly selected from the 699 pilot counties covered by NIPRCES, the basic information about school and health education course was collected by the school questionnaire. Results Only 64.6% of the 11 118 surveyed school offered regular health education course, 72.9% of school 6pened health education course with frequency of 1 time/2 weeks or more, and school which opened health education with full-time teachers accounted for only 8.7%, 20.6% of school health education was part-time job for athletics teachers. There are significant differences between the rate of allocation of health education teachers in different dgrades, areas and scale of schools （χ^2 773.1,611.0,534.8, P〈0.01 ）. Conclusion Health education classes opening rate is relatively low and most of the teachers are part-time teachers in NIPRCES area, its emphasis and allocation of teachers needs to be further improved.