贫困地区学生食用早餐频率与学习成绩的相关分析

Analysis of the correlation between breakfast frequency and students ' scores in poor areas

目的分析学生食用早餐频率与学习成绩的相关性,为学生营养改善相关政策的实施提供理论依据。方法从50个＂农村义务教育学生营养改善计划＂重点监测县,按照学校食堂供餐、企业（单位）供餐和家庭（个人）托餐3种供餐模式随机抽取2所小学和初中,抽取的学校每年级随机抽取1∽2个班,共34 808名中小学生。通过学生问卷调查学生食用早餐频率,同时收集2011—2012学年学生下半学期语文、数学和英语期末考试成绩。结果建模分析显示,与食用早餐频率≥5次/周的学生相比,不吃早餐学生的语文、数学和英语平均成绩分别低（1.9±0.4）,（1.8±0.5）和（1.9±0.5）分,差异均有统计学意义（t值分别为-4.9,-3.8和-3.7,P值均〈0.05）;食用早餐1∽4次/周学生的语文、数学和英语平均成绩分别低（0.9±0.2）,（1.0±0.3）,（0.8±0.3）分,差异均有统计学意义（t值分别为4.3,-3.8和-2.6,P值均〈0.01）。结论不吃早餐将会影响学生学习成绩,对女生及初中生的影响更大。

Objective To analyze the correlation between student＇s scores and their breakfast frequency, and to provide theoretical basis for the implementation of related policies. Methods Two primary schools and two junior middle schools were se- lected randomly by school feeding∽ family feeding and commercial package respeetivdly, from each county （50 counties totally） of The Nutrition Improvement Program for Rural Compulsory Education Students NIPRCES. Subjects （Chinese, mathematics and English） scores at the second semester of the 2011-2012 school year were collected for analyzing. Results A total of 34 808 students were selected. Compared with the students who have breakfast ≥ times/week, students who don＇t have breakfast got 1.9±0.4 points（ P〈0.01 ）, 1.8±0.5 points { P〈0.01 } and 1. 9±0.5 points { P〈0.01 ） less in Chinese, Mathematics and English, respectively, students who have breakfast 1 to 4 times/week got 0.9±0.2 points （ P〈0.01 ）, 1.0±0.3 points （ P〈0.01 ） and 0.8± 0. 3 points （P〈0.01） less in Chinese, Mathematics and English, respectively. Conclusion Skipping breakfast will have an ad- verse effect on students＂ seores, especially among girls and junior middle sehool students.