青海省藏区寄宿制学校中小学生营养状况分析

Nutritional status of the Tibetan primary and middle boarding school students in Qinghai province

目的了解青海省藏区寄宿制中小学生营养状况,为制定藏区学生营养健康教育计划提供依据。方法采用整群抽样方法,于2013年对青海省藏区2 539名中小学生进行身高与体重测量,并评价营养状况。结果 2013年青海省藏区被调查学校中小学生营养不良检出率为37.38%,其中生长迟滞率为11.54%,中、重度消瘦率为14.66%,轻度消瘦率为11.19%,超重率为2.84%,肥胖率为1.93%。男、女生营养不良率分别为41.51%,33.56%;小学生和中学生营养不良率分别为22.49%,50.75%,差异均有统计学意义(χ2值分别为17.11,76.72,P值均<0.01)。结论青海藏区寄宿制学校中小学生营养不良问题突出,需要加强健康教育和健康促进工作。

Objective To understand nutritional status of the Tibetan area primary and middle boarding school students, and to provide basis for the Tibetan students＂ nutrition health education program. Methods Stratified cluster random sampling was conducted to select 2 539 primary and middle school students in the Tibetan area of Qinghai province, height and weight were measured, and nutritional status was analyzed. Results The prevalence rate of malnutrition in primary and middle schools of the Tibetan area of Qinghai province was 37.38%, among which growth retardation rate was 11.54%, severe weight loss rate was 14.66%, mild weight loss rate was 11.19%. The prevalence rate of overweight and obesity rate was 2.84% and 1.93%, respec- tively. The rate of malnutrition in boys and girls was 41.51% and 33.56% ,the rate in pupils and middle school students was 22. 49% and 50. 75% w respectively. Conclusion Tibetan boarding school students malnutrition problems is still outstanding in Qinghai province, and it is necessary to enhance the work of health education and health promotion.