大连市2004—2013年学生因病休退学情况动态分析

Dynamic analysis on school suspension and dropout due to illness during 2004- 2013 in Dalian

目的了解学生因病休退学原因及动态变化情况,为学生预防保健工作提供科学依据。方法采用现况调查的方法,对大连市2004—2013年10 a期间学生因病休退学情况进行监测。结果学生总因病休退学率为0.960‰。因"传染疾病""精神疾病""心血管病""其他疾病"休退学的分别占24.70%,13.16%,8.59%,53.56%。不同学习阶段学生因病休退学率差异有统计学意义(χ2=1 298.41,P<0.00),以中学生为最高(1.463‰);因心血管病和传染疾病休退学率均以中学生最高;精神疾病休退学率随学习阶段的升高而升高,普通高校最高(χ2值分别为290.17,163.28,333.59,P值均<0.01)。城乡之间休退学率比较差异有统计学意义(χ2=19.93,P<0.00),心血管病城市高于农村,传染疾病、精神疾病均为农村高于城市。结论大连市学校应将传染疾病作为防控重点,尤其是农村中学,心血管病是城市学生防控重点,精神疾病是普通高校的防控重点。

Objective To analyze school suspension and dropout due to illness and to provide scientific reference for targeted intervention strategies. Methods The situation of school suspenslon and dropout caused by illness in Dalian during 2004-2013 was analyzed. Results The total rate of school suspension and dropout due to illness was 0.96%o. The diseases that leading to school suspension were mainly infectious disease, mental disease, cardiovascular disease, which accounted for 24.70%, 13.16% and 8.59%, respectively. There were significant differences in rate of school suspension and dropout among different grades （X2 = 1 298.41, P〈0.00 ）, the highest rate was found in middle school students. Most of the school suspension in middle school was due to cardiovascular diseases and infectious diseases, while in high school and college mainly mental disease. Statistical differences were found in school suspension and dropout rate between urban and rural areas（X2 = 19.93, P〈0.00）. Mental disease and infectious disease were more common in rural area students. Conclusion School should pay more attention to infectious diseases among students, especially in rural middle school. Cardiovascular disease and mental diseases should be focus on among urban students and colleges.