全面深化财税体制改革视野下中国《预算法》的修订研究——中国《预算法》修订的背景、内容与效应分析

On Revision of China's Budget Law on the Background of Deepening Fiscal and Taxation System Reform——An Analysis of Revision Background,Content and Effect of China's Budget Law

2014年8月31日,十二届全国人大常委会第十次会议通过颁布了修订后的《预算法》。《预算法》修订工作作为党的十八届三中全会《关于全面深化改革若干重大问题的决定》和《全面深化财税体制改革方案》的突破口,凸显八个方面的重大突破:突出预算的全面完整性原则,实现四本预算的全覆盖;突出预算的公开透明原则,循序渐进地推进预算信息公开;突出预算的法治性原则,构建预算对政府施政的硬约束机制;拓展预算的年度性原则,建立跨年度预算平衡机制;强化预算的绩效性原则,倡导"用钱必问效、无效必问责"的理念;加强地方政府债务管理,明确地方政府债务管理的职责权限划分;加强预算超收收入管理,设立预算稳定调节基金;强化预算的再分配功能,推进基本公共服务均等化。《预算法》的颁布实施也将对提升国家治理能力、建立现代财政制度、规范政府施政行为、制约和监督政府权力运行、提升纳税人权利意识、提升人大审查监督政府预算能力、防范财政风险等产生重大的积极影响。

Abts ract：The Budget Law was revised on the tenth meeting of the twelve session of the NPC Standing Committee on August 31st in 2014 .Compared with the Budget Law in1994 , there are eight breakthroughs in 2014 Budget Law：First , Emphasizing the principle of completion , secondly, emphasizing the principle of transparency , thirdly, emphasizing the principle of ruling by law , fourthly, expanding the principle of yearly budget , fifthly, emphasizing the principle of budget performance , sixthly, strengthe-ning the administration of local government debt , seventhly , strengthening the administration of Extra budgetary revenue , eighth-ly, strengthening the function of redistribution .The promulgation and Implementation of Budget law will help to promote the na-tional governance ability , and will help to construct modern fiscal system .