从《左传》赋诗活动看“微言相感”的语用功能

Poem Recitations in Zuozhuan and Pragmatic Functions of“Implicit Words and Mental Interaction”

本文以扩展的语用调节论作为基本理论框架,以《左传》的30个赋诗个案作为语料,考察《左传》赋诗活动中"微言相感"的语用特征。研究首先从说话人角度分析了这种语言选择的活动限制、语义特征和语用功能,然后从听话人的角度考察了话语理解(相感)和互动意图确认过程中指称确认、话题关联性确定的语用特性。研究发现,《左传》赋诗作为一种微言形式是说话人在基于周礼的活动限制下所作的语用选择,话语理解(相感)和互动意图的确认涉及到一系列指称转换和话题转换。

Within the extended framework of pragmatics as a linguistic regulation theory,this paper attempts to examine the pragmatic features of 30 poem recitation activities from Zuozhuan,usually characterized as'implicit words and mental interaction'.The research first analyzes the activity constraints,semantic features and pragmatic functions of this activity type from a speaker perspective,and then,from the perspective of the hearer,it investigates the identification of reference and topic relevance involved in activity interactions.The paper concludes that poem recitation as a form of abstruse language is a pragmatic strategy chosen within the li-based activity constraints and its understanding based on a mental and behavioral interaction between the interactants involves a series of referent and topic shifts.