高等教育中学科/专业选择性别差异的调查分析——以华中师范大学本科生的专业选择为案例

Survey and Analysis of Gender Differences on the Choice of Discipline or Major in Higher Education:Based on the Undergraduates' Choices on Major in Central China Normal University

随着我国高等教育事业的迅速发展,女性越来越多地参与到高等教育中来,但学科/专业的性别分化趋势也愈发明显。通过对案例院校本科生学科/专业选择的实证调查发现:本科生在院校、学科/专业选择的动机、过程、结果及满意度等方面都存在较明显的性别差异,但在选择专业过程中受到性别观念影响和对性别隔离现象的看法上不存在显著的性别差异。要解读这一现象,需要深入探究这种差异的"合理性"与"非合理性",并就其背后可能隐含的性别化逻辑和社会结构性的规训进行分析,从观念、政策、制度等层面去思考与变革。

With the development of higher education, women have an increasingly greater access to the higher education, but the trend of gender division on major has exhibited itself more conspicuously. According to the empirical investigation of undergraduates about discipline or major choice, in the motivation, process and result of selection of discipline, there exists a gender difference, but with no significant gender differences in terms of the influence of gender on the major choice and views on the gender segregation. To understand the phenomenon, we should make a deep research in the＂rationality＂and＂irrationality＂of the difference, uncover the possible underlying gender logics and the reasons, and act in the categories of ideas, system and structure.