“直译”和“意译”新解——“直译”“意译”与词义相关,与形式无关

New Explanations for Direct Translation and Meaning Translation——Literal Translation and Liberal Translation Related to Word Meaning and Irrelated to Form

"直译"和"意译"是百年难题,"直译"和"意译"没有统一的定义。翻译理论界一直把"直译"和"意译"的重点放在对译文和原文形式的比较上,认为重形式的翻译是"直译",不重形式的翻译是"意译"。深入研究发现,"直译"和"意译"与形式无关,与词义有关,此观点是"直译"和"意译"重新定义的基础,因此推出翻译方法不是"直译"和"意译",而是"直译""意译"和"直译加意译"。"音译"是一个习以为常的术语,然而是一个错误的术语。

Direct translation and meaning translation are difficult and they have no united definitions these years. The focus of literal translation and liberal translation is on the comparison between the target language and the source language in translation theories. Translation with focus on form is regarded as literal translation, conversely, liberal translation. New studies discover that direct translation and meaning translation are not necessarily related with the form of the language but only with the meaning of the words. This point is the foundation of the new definitions of direct translation and meaning translation. Therefore, the method of ＂ Transhteration＂ does not mean only direct translation or meaning translation, but direct translation and meaning translation. Transliteration is a common term but a wrong one.