2004～2013年武汉经济技术开发区湖泊水质评价与分析

Assessment and analysis of lake water quality in Wuhan Economic and Technological Development Zone during 2004 and 2013

研究了2004～2013年武汉经济技术开发区湖泊水质状况.结果表明：近十年来武汉经济技术开发区湖泊水质达标率均低于50％;整体水质以中、重度污染为主;富营养化程度较重;主要污染物为总磷、化学需氧量、生化需氧量等;湖泊高锰酸盐指数呈现下降趋势;后官湖和北太子湖水质呈现好转趋势,官莲湖和硃山湖水质呈现下降趋势,其余7个重点湖泊水质维持平稳趋势.由于城市生活污水、湖泊水容量和农业面源污染的影响,虽然经过一系列湖泊治理工程的实施,湖泊污染加剧的趋势得到了有效的遏制,但开发区湖泊在武汉市仍处于污染较重的水平,需要从完善法规条例、加大政府资金投入和建立湖泊监测预警机制着手推进湖泊保护和开发区可持续发展.

The water quality of the lakes in Wuhan Economic and Technological Development Zone during 2004 and 2013 was assessed. Results showed that in the recent decade less than 50 percent of the lakes in the Zone reached the standard; most of the lakes are moderately or seriously contaminated and eutrophieated; the major pollutants are total phosphorus, chemical oxygen demand and biological oxygen demand, etc.; the permanganate index in the lakes tend to decrease; the water quality in Houguan Lake and North Taizi Lake was improving while the water quality in Guanlian Lake and Zhushan Lake became worse, the water quality in the other lakes kept a smooth trend. The tendency towards aggravating of the lake contamination has, on the whole, been effectively prevented after a series of lake management projects were conducted. However, due to the impacts of municipal sewage, water capacity and area-source pollution from agriculture, the lakes in the Zone showed a rather high level of contamination in Wuhan City. Therefore, several proposals such as the improvement of rules and regulations, the increase of the government financial input and the building of early warning mechanism of lake monitoring should be implemented so as to promote the lake protection and sustainable development of the Development Zone.