3Chopra V,Anand S,Hickner A,et al.Risk of venous thromboembolism associated with peripherally inserted central catheters:a systematic review and meta-analysis[J].Lancet,2013,382(9889):311.
4Wasse H. Catheter-related mortality among ESRD patients. Semin Dial, 2008,21 ( 6 ) :547-549.
5Merml LA, Farr BM. Guidelines for the prevention of intravascular catheter-related infections. Clin infect Dis ,2001,22 (15) :222-242.
6Nishikawa K, Takasu A, Morita K, et al. Peposits on the intraluminal surface and bacterial grouth in central venous catheters. J Hosp Infect,2010,75 ( 1 ) : 19-22.
7Butterly,David W,Steve J. Current Opinion in Nephrology and Hypertension . 2000
8Beathard CA. Journal of the American Society of Nephrology . 1999
9USRDS: United States Renal Data System. American Journal of Kidney Diseases . 1997
10Powe NR,Jaar B,Furth SL,et al. Kidney International . 1999
1Tilton D.Central venous access device infections in the critical care unit[J].Crit Care Nurs Q,2006,29(2):117.
2Khvem R M.Edwards J R,Andros M L.et al.Di Mysis stirvei Uaneer eport:National Health care Safety Network(NHSN)-Data Summary for 2006[R].se Illi Dialysis,2008,21(1):24.
