基于土壤硝态氮的滴灌春小麦氮素施肥模型建立研究

Research on the Establishment of Nitrogen Fertilization Model under the Drip Irrigation of Spring Wheat Based on Soil Nitrate Nitrogen

【目的】在滴灌技术条件下,建立基于土壤硝态氮的滴灌春小麦氮素施肥模型。【方法】在各生育时期测定不同深度土壤硝态氮含量,由产量与供氮量的关系,确定各生育时期不同深度土壤供氮能力的临界值,进而建立滴灌春小麦基肥和追肥模型。【结果】采用播前0~20 cm土壤硝态氮含量作为滴灌春小麦基肥推荐指标比较合适,滴灌春小麦达到最高产量的供氮量为324.15 kg/hm^2,并建立了基于0~20 cm土壤硝态氮含量的基肥推荐指标。【结论】同时在不同生育时期的追肥,可以采用0~20 cm或20~40 cm土壤硝态氮含量作为诊断指标,并以0~20 cm土壤硝态氮为氮素营养诊断指标,建立各生育期相应的追肥模型,并得出滴灌春小麦不同生育时期不同土壤硝态氮含量测定值所对应的氮肥追肥用量。

【Objective】The purpose of this project is to research the establishment of nitrogen fertilization model under the drip irrigation of spring wheat based on soil nitrate nitrogen.【Method】Determinate the soil nitrate nitrogen content at different depths in different growth periods,then through the relationship between the yield and nitrogen levels to determine the critical value of soil nitrogen supplying capacity at different depths at different growth stages,and at last to establish the base fertilizer and top dressing drip irrigation model of spring wheat.【Result】The results showed that： using the content of 0- 20 cm soil nitrate nitrogen before sowing as base fertilizer recommended indicator was be more suitable for drip irrigation spring wheat and the content of nitrogen provided for the highest yield was 324. 15 kg / hm2,and the base fertilizer recommended indicator based on the content of 0- 20 cm soil nitrate nitrogen was established.【Conclusion】When using the top application at different growth stages,the content of 0- 20 cm or 20- 40 cm soil nitrate nitrogen at pre-sowing could be used as the diagnostic index and 0- 20 cm soil nitrate nitrogen could be used as nitrogen nutrition diagnostic index,thus establishing the corresponding topdressing model for different growth stages in order to obtain the amount of soil nitrate nitrogen for drip irrigation spring wheat corresponding to the determined values.