粤东针阔混交林与阔叶林植被比较研究

Comparative study on vegetation of coniferous broad-leaved mixed forest and broad-leaved forest in eastern Guangdong

选取粤东河源市龙川县响水村的针阔混交林与东源县万绿谷阔叶林植被作为调查样地,采用样方调查法对两个群落的结构和物种多样性进行比较。结果表明,龙川响水针阔混交林共有植物25种,隶属于17科25属,该群落以松科、山茶科、桃金娘科、茜草科、里白科占优势;万绿谷阔叶林共有植物32种,隶属于23科29属,该群落以五加科、大戟科、鼠刺科、茜草科占优势。对物种丰富度、Shannon-Winner指数、Simpson多样性指数、种间相遇机率和均匀度等指标的分析表明,针阔混交林植物多样性比阔叶林较低、物种分布不及阔叶林均匀、群落种间相遇机率比阔叶林群落小。两个群落均以高位芽植物为主,具有较强的热带性质。通过对优势种的年龄结构分析显示,针阔混交林群落处于衰退型状态,而阔叶林处于增长状态。

The coniferous broad-leaved mixed forest in Xiangshui, Longchuang County and broad-leaved forest in Wanlugu, Dongyuan County in eastern Guangdong province were taken as sampling areas, the structure and species diversity of the two communities were comparatively analyzed by using quadrat investigation. The results showed that there were 25 plant species belonging to 17 families, 25 genuses in the coniferous broad-leaved mixed forest in Xiangshui,Longchuang, while Theaceae, Pinaceae, Rubiaceae, Myrtaceae, Gleicheniaceae plants were dominant ingredients in this community. There were 32 plant species belonging to 23 families, 29 genuses in the broad-leaved mixed forest in Wanlugu,Dongyuan, while Araliaceae, Euphorbiaceae, Saxifragaceae, Rubiaceae plants were dominant ingredients in this community.The analysis on plant richness and Shannon-Winner index, Simpson diversity index, probability of inter-specific encounter and evenness index showed that the coniferous broad-leaved mixed forest in Xiangshui had a lower plant diversity, less uniform distribution of species and probability of inter-specific encounter than the broad-leaved mixed forest in Wanlugu,Dongyuan. Both of the communities were dominated by phanerophytes and had obvious tropical nature. The analysis on age-structure of dominant populations showed that the coniferous broad-leaved mixed forest were in a decline state while broad-leaved mixed forest were in a growth state.